High penetrance, overweight, and glucocorticoid receptor variant: case-control study.

matic fracture incidence in elderly men and women: the Dubbo osteoporosis epidemiologic study (DOES). Genetic determinant of bone mass in adult women: a reevaluation of the twin model and the potential importance of gene interaction on heritability estimates. Type of fall and risk of hip and wrist fractures: the study of osteoporotic fractures. severity and bone mineral density at risk factors for hip fracture in ambulatory elderly.analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures.sity and risk of hip fracture in men and women: cross sectional analysis. A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community. A possible link between the glucocorticoid receptor gene (GRL, 5q31-q32) and overweight has been suggested in a study of 42 families with morbid obesity. 1 Data from another small study—of pairs of siblings—although not significant, showed a trend towards similar body mass index (weight(kg)/ (height(m) 2); difference = 2.4) for 20 pairs sharing similar alleles compared with 19 pairs having discordant alleles (difference = 3.5). 2 An Asn363Ser variant, caused by a single nucleotide difference (A1218G) in exon 2 of GRL has since shown an association with increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids. 3 Because of the predisposition to a rise in body mass index that this increased sensitivity should cause, we tested this variant for association with overweight in two groups of non-diabetic white subjects of British descent. All participants lived in or near Sydney and had responded to requests to take part in a study that involved DNA testing. Because of the interaction between obesity and hypertension we selected subjects on the basis of a positive or negative family history of hypertension and tested them separately. Group 1 was recruited from donors at the Sydney Blood Bank and comprised 195 subjects who were normotensive offspring of two normotensive parents. Group 2 comprised 124 subjects recruited by public advertising for people with essential hypertension whose parents also had hypertension. Mean body mass index was 26 (SD 4) in group 1 and 26 (SD 5) in group 2; mean age was 48 (SD 10) years and 52 (SD 12) years respectively; percentage of male participants was 57% and 49% respectively; and blood pressure was 120 (SD 11)/73 (SD 8) mm Hg and 173 (SD 24)/110 (SD 17) mm Hg respectively. Each group was divided into two subgroups: lean (body mass index ≤ 25) and …